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Generally, newborns sleep about 8 to 9 hours in the daytime and about 8 hours at night. But they may not sleep more than 1 to 2 hours at a time. Most babies don't start sleeping through the night (6 to 8 hours) without waking until they are about 3 months old, or until they weigh 12 to 13 pounds. It's always okay to hold an infant under four months old, to put them to sleep the way they need it, says Satya Narisety, MD, assistant professor in the department of pediatrics at Rutgers University. Always put him or her on his or her back on a flat mattress in the crib or bassinet after he or she falls asleep. Most babies are receptive and able to start a bedtime routine at around 6 to 8 weeks. Having a newborn bedtime routine helps to calm your baby and eases them into a good night's sleep.

Put your baby to sleep on his back every time until he's 1 year old. It's not safe for a baby to sleep on his side or tummy. If your baby can roll from his back to his side or tummy and back again, it's OK if he changes positions while sleeping. Dress your baby in light sleep clothes. If you notice that your baby is sleeping longer than usal is because they may be experiencing a growth spurt or developmental leap, they may have a minor illness, such as a cold or they may have a serious infection. 

Young babies are restless sleepers because they spend half the time in REM sleep (rapid eye movement) – a light phase of sleep when dreams occur. As they get older, they spend less time in active REM and more time in quiet, deep sleep. Baby's cry is a reaction of their body getting used to the sleep cycles since that seems out of the ordinary for them right at the beginning. A variety of bodily processes and organs, right from the heart to the bladder and the digestive system, all need to fall in line with the sleep system of the body. If your baby is sound asleep, even if they have a dirty or wet diaper, there's no need to wake him up to change his diaper. This will disturb his sleep cycle, cause sleep inertia, and cascade through the rest of the day because his sleep window will be lengthened.

Research shows that a baby's health can improve when they sleep close to their parents. In fact, babies that sleep with their parents have more regular heartbeats and breathing. They even sleep more soundly. And being close to parents is even shown to reduce the risk of SIDS. Physical contact, in close cosleeping, helps babies to "breathe more regularly, use energy more efficiently, grow faster, and experience less stress," says McKenna. Babies, too, who are not necessarily breastfed, as in the case of adoption, will also naturally reap the many other benefits of such close contact.

Babies like and respond better to what they're used to, and tend to be held very much early on when parents aren't sure of what other soothing methods may work." In other words, the way you sooth your baby when they're awake is the way they get used to being soothed in general. Newborn babies don't yet have a sense of day and night.

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